Can you provide evidence that each Sharpen ingredient improves cognition and/or longevity in animal models?Updated 3 months ago
Taurine:
Singh et al. Taurine deficiency as a driver of aging. Science 2023; https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abn9257
Gebara et al. Taurine increases hippocampal neurogenesis in aging mice. Stem Cell Research 2015; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scr.2015.04.001
Kim et al. Taurine in drinking water recovers learning and memory in the adult APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Scientific Reports 2014; https://doi.org/10.1038/srep07467
Idrissi. Taurine improves learning and retention in aged mice. Neuroscience Letters 2008; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2008.02.070
Choline:
Dave et al. Dietary choline intake is necessary to prevent systems-wide organ pathology and reduce Alzheimer's disease hallmarks. Aging Cell 2023; https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13775
Gámiz and Gallo. A Systematic Review of the Dietary Choline Impact on Cognition from a Psychobiological Approach: Insights from Animal Studies. Nutrients 2021; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13061966
Velazquez et al. Lifelong choline supplementation ameliorates Alzheimer's disease pathology and associated cognitive deficits by attenuating microglia activation. Aging Cell 2019; https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13037
Moreno et al. Dietary choline supplementation in adult rats improves performance on a test of recognition memory. Behavioural Brain Research 2018; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2018.04.030
B-vitamins:
Yu et al. Multi-Vitamin B Supplementation Reverses Hypoxia-Induced Tau Hyperphosphorylation and Improves Memory Function in Adult Mice. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 2016; https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-160329
Ko et al. Dietary vitamin B6 restriction aggravates neurodegeneration in mice fed a high-fat diet. Life Sciences 2022; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121041
Zhou et al. Long-term dietary folic acid supplementation attenuated aging-induced hippocampus atrophy and promoted glucose uptake in 25-month-old rats with cognitive decline. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 2023; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109328
Kovatcheva et al. Vitamin B(12) is a limiting factor for induced cellular plasticity and tissue repair. Nature Metabolism 2023; https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-023-00916-6